STDs or sexually transmitted diseases, as the name itself explains are those infections that are transferred among people through sexual contact. Most of these diseases have been around since B.C., but it is turning deadlier now due to the new condition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that made its appearance in 1984, and some of infections like gonorrhea developing resistance to treatment.
Any person indulging in sexual activities runs the risk of acquiring STD as there is no total safe sex method available. Though condoms can prevent STDs to a great extent they are not foolproof either.
The signs and symptoms of STDs are not easily detected; hence, it is important to consult a doctor even if there is slight indication of infection. Most of the STDs are treatable; unfortunately there is no cure yet for some STDs like HIV, AIDS, HPV, and hepatitis B and hepatitis C. If the sexually transmitted infection is not treated early, it may lead to more severe infections like HIV due to the sores and infection present in the vagina. The signs and symptoms vary for different types of STD in women.
1. Trichomoniasis
- Pungent odor, itching and irritation in vagina
- Clear or tinged vaginal discharge
- Severe pain experienced during sex and urination
2. Chlamydia
- Lower abdominal pain
- Spotting
- Painful intercourse
- Painful and frequent urination
- Vaginal discharge accompanied by bad odor
3. Gonorrhea
- Bulky, unclear, and often blood stained discharge from vagina
- Abnormal bleeding during periods
- Pain and burning sensation following urination
- Itchiness in vaginal and anal parts
- Pain during excretion
- Heavy bleeding in menstruation
4. Syphilis
There are basically 3 stages for syphilis.
Primary Syphilis:
- Painless sore known as chancre on the infected site
- Swelling in lymph glands
Secondary Syphilis:
- Non-itchy skin rash on palm and soles
- Hair loss
- Aching muscles
- Fever
Tertiary or Last Stage of Syphilis:
- Appearance of gummas on body organs
- Dementia
- Meningitis
- Weakness
- Blindness
- Stroke
- Cardiovascular problems
- Paralysis
- Confusion and perplexity
5. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Genital warts on the vulva, cervix, vagina, and anus
- Cluster of warts appearing like cauliflowers
- Irritation, itching and pain in genital area
- Bleeding from vagina during sex
6. Genital Herpes
- Open sores or blisters around vagina
- Swelling, itching and burning in genital glands
- Vaginal discharge
- Headaches and fever
7. HIV/AIDS
- Fatigue and excessive tiredness
- Rapid weight loss
- Diarrhea
- Cough and fever accompanied by night sweats
- Infections that do not heal
- Sore throat
- Swelling in lymph glands
- Abnormal periods
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Small, dark bumps of red, brown, purple or black color
Other common signs that should not be ignored are:
- Foul smelling vaginal discharge
- Pain, burning or difficulty while urinating
- Abnormal periods
- Sores, warts, blisters or any changes in the skin of genital areas
- Pelvic pain
Though there are signs and symptoms giving clue to STDs in women, often the symptoms disappear whereas the infection remains hidden in the body of the women. Unfortunately the female anatomy is more susceptible to STDs as the vaginal lining is delicate and moist which is ideal ground for bacteria and viruses to grow. Hence women should take extra precaution to remain safe from STDs.